Academic Exam Reminder Information System for Information Technology Master Student in UUM

The master students need to take final examinations almost every subject. The time, venue and date of the exams are decided by the Academic Affair Department in Higher Education Academy (HEA). Students need to get the information of the exams from the lecturers; this action troubled lecturers a lot. Then the students need to remember the information by themselves, wait to the date of exams and go there without any reminder. Once a student miss the exam, he is likely to fail the subject and need to retake it in next semester, all the effort he made in this semester will be useless, everything need to start from zero in the next semester. In order to avoid this case which will waste the lecturers' and students' time and effort, a prototype to remind the students take their own exams on time is very necessary, this prototype is hoped to solve the miss of the exams

Spectrum of one dimensional p-Laplacian operator with indefinite weight

This paper is concerned with the nonlinear boundary eigenvalue problem $$-(|u'|^{p-2}u')'=\lambda m|u|^{p-2}u\qquad u \in I=]a,b[,\quad u(a)=u(b)=0,$$ where $p>1$, $\lambda$ is a real parameter, $m$ is an indefinite weight, and $a$, $b$ are real numbers. We prove there exists a unique sequence of eigenvalues for this problem. Each eigenvalue is simple and verifies the strict monotonicity property with respect to the weight $m$ and the domain $I$, the k-th eigenfunction, corresponding to the $k$-th eigenvalue, has exactly $k-1$ zeros in $(a,b)$. At the end, we give a simple variational formulation of eigenvalues

Durability of structural adhesives in bridges

Besides the 50s revolution of the use of adhesives in the new construction in the works of strengthening and repair of different structural elements, adhesives were extensively used in bridges for a long time. Different applications on bridges were carried out in the last few decades. The most common application of adhesives in bridge engineering was in the form of resin mortar for either bridge bearings or expansion joint nosings. Recently more applications of structural, semi-structural and non structural joints could be executed using adhesives in bridges. In reason of its ease of execution and maintenance as well as its long-term durability, resins represent highly challenging materials in last few decades for the means of formulating bridge connections. Although adhesives are recently used on wide ranges in joints in bridge engineering, their complicated behaviour, particularly under low temperatures, could disallow an easier use of such materials in structures, notably in bridges. As the following project targets to provide a better understanding of thermo-mechanical behaviour of resins, two different categories of testing were carried out, in order to investigate the most important and basic characteristics of resins as well as direct relations connecting different properties. The first series of tests was focusing on the physical characterization of resins aiming to investigate the influence of the degree of cure (conversion degree) on different characteristics as well as the behaviour of the material, From previous experiences on the behaviour of resins, it was expected that the more cured the material, the better properties it could present, however this investigation was held in LTC lab using a DSC machine. Different categories of tests were carried out during the physical characterization in order to establish a reliable relation between conversion degree/conversion rate and time. Another effective resin property that was considered during the physical characterization of resins is the glass transition temperature (Tg); Tg which represents the temperature at which the material loses part of its strength and/or stiffness, can also involve another concern which is the degradation of adhesives when exposed to high temperatures. The second series of testing involved in this project is mechanical testing, which was held in Lab of structures. This series was aiming to investigate the mechanical properties of the resin, basically compressive, tensile and shear strengths of these materials. Finally this project was focusing on relating the physical properties including mainly the degree of cure as well as the glass transition temperature to the mechanical properties and their influence on the mechanical behaviour of adhesives

Review - Challenges of mobility aware MAC protocols in WSN

© 2018 IEEE. In today\u27s smart world WSN plays an important role in IoT. The WSN nodes can be used for wildlife, patient, air quality monitoring. WSN consists of numerous sensor nodes that are connected to each other. One of the major concerns of WSN is the mobility of nodes. The mobility of the nodes creates concern to the MAC protocols that\u27s defined for WSN static nodes. Mobile-WSN demands the participated nodes to send packets with a bursty traffic, low energy consumption and reliable connection. MAC protocol is the most important in designing the WSN as MAC plays an important role regarding throughput, mobility, security and energy consumption. This paper gives a review on mobility aware protocols such as M-MAC, MA-MAC, MMH-MAC, M-Contiki, MobiIQ, MobiDisc

La cyclicité de la politique budgétaire des pays d’Afrique

Les pays d’Afrique en général et ceux riches en matières premières en particulier ont pour la plupart adopté des politiques budgétaires procycliques. Autrement dit, ils optent pour une politique budgétaire restrictive en période de récession et une politique expansive en période d’expansion. Cette problématique constitue de nos jours un sujet d’actualité sur lequel la littérature économique tente d’apporter des réponses scientifiques pouvant permettre aux politiques publiques d’éradiquer ce biais procyclique. C’est dans cette optique que nous entreprenons de mener une recherche théorique et empirique sur les déterminants de la cyclicité budgétaire, son impact sur l’activité économique ainsi que sur la pertinence du solde structurel vis-à-vis de la procyclicité des dépenses publiques. Pour ce faire, nous nous sommes inspirés des méthodologies de Fatas et Mihov (2003), de Fiess (2004), de Frankel (2011),de Frankel et al (2013), de Jeanneney et Tapsoba (2011), de Végh(2013), et de Bobbo (2016). Concernant les analyses empiriques, nous utilisons des variables instrumentales et des techniques d’estimation par panel en utilisant d’une part la méthode des effets fixes de Driscoll et Kraay (1998), et d’autre part les doubles moindres carrés ordinaires (2 SLS) et la méthode des moments généralisés en système de Blundell et Bond (1998) pour traiter les problèmes de variables omises et d’endogénéité. Les résultats de nos différentes investigations révèlent que les pays en développement d’Afrique et particulièrement ceux de la zone subsaharienne ont tendance à recourir à des orientations procycliques de leurs dépenses publiques. Ce constat s’explique par le fait qu’ils détiennent des structures budgétaires sensiblement plus faibles que celles des pays avancés. Les preuves empiriques suggèrent que l’appartenance à un régime de change fixe amplifie cette procyclicité, contrairement aux régimes de change flexibles. Elles prouvent par ailleurs que la volatilité budgétaire induite par la politique budgétaire discrétionnaire détermine négativement la croissance économique. Et que seule une orientation contracyclique des politiques budgétaires discrétionnaires peut stimuler positivement la croissance économique. La construction d’un solde structurel pour six pays africains dont la méthodologie est issue du concept théorique chilien et dont le but est d’assurer une protection contre les chocs externes, de faciliter la conduite d’une politique budgétaire contracyclique et d’œuvrer pour une meilleure planification budgétaire nous indique que la tendance déficitaire observée au niveau de certains de ces pays a été atténuée par la prise en compte des composantes structurelles des finances publiques. Cette analyse apporte également la preuve que la mesure du solde structurel est sujette à caution, car son évolution qui est fondée sur le calcul des niveaux potentiels du PIB réel et des prix des matières premières reste tout de même sensible à la méthodologie utilisée. Puisque des évolutions opposées peuvent être observées sur certaines périodes entrainant ainsi une certaine asymétrie au niveau de l’interprétation.African countries in general and those rich in commodities in particular have for the most part adopted pro-cyclical fiscal policies. In other words, they opt for a restrictive fiscal policy during a recession and an expansive policy in a period of expansion. This issue is nowadays a topical subject on which the economic literature tries to provide scientific answers that can allow public policies to eradicate this pro-cyclical bias. It is in this perspective that we undertake to conduct theoretical and empirical research on the determinants of fiscal cyclicality, its impact on economic activity and the relevance of the structural balance to the pro-cyclicality of public spending. To do this, we draw on the methodologies of Fatas and Mihov (2003), Fiess (2004), Frankel (2011), Frankel et al. (2013), Jeanneney and Tapsoba (2011), Végh (2013), and Bobbo (2016). For the empirical analyzes, we use instrumental variables and panel estimation techniques using firstly the fixed effects method of Driscoll and Kraay (1998), and secondly the two-stage ordinary least squares method (2 SLS) and the generalized method of moments of Blundell and Bond (1998) in system to deal with problems of omitted variables and endogeneity. The results of our various investigations reveal that developing countries in Africa, and particularly those in the sub-Saharan region, tend to resort to pro-cyclical orientations of their public expenditures. This is explained by the fact that they hold significantly smaller budget structures than those of advanced countries. The empirical evidence suggests that membership in a fixed exchange rate amplifies this pro-cyclicality, unlike flexible exchange rate. They also prove that fiscal volatility induced by discretionary fiscal policy negatively influences economic growth. In addition, that only a counter-cyclical behaviour of discretionary fiscal policies can positively stimulate economic growth. The construction of a structural balance for six African countries whose methodology is based on the Chilean theoretical concept and whose aim is to protect against external shocks, to facilitate the conduct of a counter-cyclical fiscal policy and to work for a better budgetary planning, indicates that the deficit trend observed in some of these countries has been attenuated by taking into account the structural components of public finances. This analysis also proves that the measurement of the structural balance is problematic because its evolution, which is based on the calculation of the potential levels of real GDP and commodity prices, is still sensitive to the methodology used. Since opposing evolutions can be observed over certain periods thus leading to a certain asymmetry in the interpretation

Assessment of the side effects of progestogen only contraception in the immediate postpartum period: the case of implants with levonorgestrel Jadelle®

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the side effects of Jadelle® implants in the immediate postpartum.Methods: To do this, we inserted the implants at two different postpartum period: first, between the first and the seventh day for the immediate postpartum period (IPP) group; second, between the 45th and the 3rd postpartum months for the late postpartum (LPP) group. The variables studied were age, gesture, parity, abortions, number of live children, childbirth, caesarean section, quality of milky climb, age last child, pregnancy-attendant, pregnancy term at time of delivery, complaints, weight.Results: From May 2012 to December 2013, we collected two hundred patients, one hundred from each group (immediate postpartum and late postpartum). The average age of mothers in the IPP group was 28 years and 29 years for LPP group. After insertion, in both group, spotting were the most frequent complaints. The weight variations were between +800 g and -600 g for the group IPP and +260 g and -170 g for the other group; which makes a statistically significant difference. In both groups, at the end of the six months, no patient had menstruation.Conclusions: Our results are encouraging to further promote contraception in the immediate postpartum period in developing countries and thus reach a wide range of users. We can therefore say that the side effects are not different during this period and largely are also tolerated

Efficacy of therapeutic plasma exchange on angiotensin II type‐1 receptor antibodies on two kidney transplant recipients

BackgroundAngiotensin II type‐1 receptor antibody (AT1RAb) has been reported to cause antibody mediated rejection (AMR) in kidney transplant recipients possibly by contraction of renal arteries. We here report 2 kidney transplant recipients with elevated AT1RAbs and negative HLA donor specific antibodies (DSA) and anti‐major histocompatibility complex class I chain‐related gene A (MICA) Abs who received therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) treatment followed by IVIG.Case 1Thirty‐eight‐year‐old patient received second kidney transplant for end stage renal disease (ESRD) with chronic rejection. Three years post‐transplant, she developed AMR with AT1RAb level >40 U/mL. She received 5 TPE and AT1RAb decreased by 20%, and biopsy showed improvement of AMR. She received another 3 TPE and AT1RAb decreased by 60%. Her creatinine (Cr) was stabilized at around 1.4 mg/dL.Case 2Twenty‐four‐year‐old patient received kidney transplant for ESRD with unclear etiology. Two weeks post‐transplant, her Cr rose with AT1RAb level at 18 U/mL and biopsy showed possible AMR. She received 6 TPE treatments and AT1RAb decreased by 55% and biopsy showed improvement of AMR. She received weekly TPE for subsequently rising AT1RAb but TPE was discontinued because of unsuccessful decrease of AT1RAb. Her Cr was stabilized at around 1.7 mL/dL.ConclusionWe reported 2 patients who received TPE treatments to decrease AT1RAbs. A course of TPE treatment successfully decreased AT1RAb. Histological improvement was observed quickly and Cr was also stabilized following the TPE treatment. Further study is necessary to determine the optimal use of TPE in renal transplant recipients with AT1RAbs.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146572/1/jca21657.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146572/2/jca21657_am.pd

Assessment of Temperature Optimum Signatures of Corals at Both Latitudinal Extremes of the Red Sea

Rising ocean temperatures are pushing reef-building corals beyond their temperature optima (Topt), resulting in reduced physiological performances and increased risk of bleaching. Identifying refugia with thermally resistant corals and understanding their thermal adaptation strategy is therefore urgent to guide conservation actions. The Gulf of Aqaba (GoA, northern Red Sea) is considered a climate refuge, hosting corals that may originate from populations selected for thermal resistance in the warmer waters of the Gulf of Tadjoura (GoT, entrance to the Red Sea and 2000 km south of the GoA). To better understand the thermal adaptation strategy of GoA corals, we compared the temperature optima (Topt) of six common reef-building coral species from the GoA and the GoT by measuring oxygen production and consumption rates as well as photophysiological performance (i.e. chlorophyll fluorescence) in response to a short heat stress. Most species displayed similar Topt between the two locations, highlighting an exceptional continuity in their respective physiological performances across such a large latitudinal range, supporting the GoA refuge theory. Stylophora pistillata showed a significantly lower Topt in the GoA, which may suggest an ongoing population-level selection (i.e. adaptation) to the cooler waters of the GoA and subsequent loss of thermal resistance. Interestingly, all Topt were significantly above the local maximum monthly mean seawater temperatures in the GoA (27.1°C) and close or below in the GoT (30.9°C), indicating that GoA corals, unlike those in the GoT, may survive ocean warming in the next few decades. Finally, Acropora muricata and Porites lobata displayed higher photophysiological performance than most species, which may translate to dominance in local reef communities under future thermal scenarios. Overall, this study is the first to compare the Topt of common reef-building coral species over such a latitudinal range and provides insights into their thermal adaptation in the Red Sea

Inflammatory breast cancer: features and outcomes in a breast unit in Dakar, Senegal

Background: The aim of this study was to determine clinical features and outcomes of patients with inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) treated in our breast unit.Methods: This study was performed at Gynaecologic and Obstetric Clinic of Dakar Teaching Hospital, in which a breast unit was created since 2007. All women with diagnosis of inflammatory breast cancer in our Breast Unit between January 2010 and December 2013 were included in this study. The diagnosis of IBC was made clinically using the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and confirmed histologically. The follow-up cut-off for this data set was December 31st, 2014. All analyses for this study were performed using SPSS software (version 20.0).Results: Between 2010 and 2013, 22 women with breast cancer who met eligibility criteria were included out of 161 patients followed for breast cancer leading to a frequency of 13.6%. The median age at diagnosis was 43.4 years (26-79 years). Mean time to diagnosis was 4 months. The mean time to recurrence was 11.2 months. This recurrence was observed in 45.5% of cases. The median overall survival was 13.3 months (CI 95% 8.576-18.526), the survival rate was 31.8%.Conclusions: This series shows a high frequency of inflammatory breast cancer. These tumours are very aggressive with a very poor prognosis

Pseudo tumor tuberculosis of the uterine cervix: about a case at the colposcopy and cervico vaginal pathologies unit of the University hospital Le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal

Tuberculosis is still common in developing countries and particularly in sub-Saharan Africa since the advent of the HIV/AIDS. Genital tuberculosis usually affects young women in genital activity period. The most frequent locations are tubal, endometrial and ovarian. The cervical location is rare. We report on the case of a 36 years old patient with eight pregnancies and eight deliveries who lives in a rural area and has got in her history 8 vaginal deliveries with four living children and 4 dead children and who was referred by a colleague for a "tumor of the uterine cervix". In her medical history, there was a BCG vaccination during childhood and she had never received Pap smear. The colposcopy revealed an ulcerating budding tumor of the cervix with necrotic areas. The colposcopy biopsy revealed fibrocaseous tuberculosis of the uterine cervix. Tuberculosis is still a common disease in developing countries. The cervical localization is rare but should be considered in case of an ulcerating tumor budding of the cervix